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obey  v. to do what one is asked or ordered to do by someone

               服从; 遵守; 顺从

obey the law/orders rules/ones instructions/sb.

               遵守法律/服从命令/遵守规则/按照说明/遵从某人

obey to sb.遵从某人; 服从某人

ant. break

object I. n. 1.a thing; substance 物; 物体

                     2.purpose; aim目的; 目标

                     3. 宾语 no object (= not a difficulty) 毫无困难; 不成问题

               II. v. (+ to ) to be against something or someone

                      反对某事或某人(后接介词to)

objection n. (= disapproval; opposition)不赞成; 反对

ocean n. 1.[(the +) U] the great mass of salt water that covers most of the earth

                (带定冠词the)海洋

              2.[C](often cap. As part of a name) any of the great seas into which

                this mass is divided(当名称时常大写)洋

oceans of (= lots of)许多

occur v.1. (occurred; occurring) (esp. of unplanned events) to happen; take

                   place (指未计划的事件)发生

               2.(often neg.) ( esp. of something not alive) to exist

                  (常否定) (指无生命物的)存在

occur to sb. 浮现于

[辨析]: occur所指的事情, 既可以是意料中的, 也可以是意外的; happen强调事情的

        意外与偶然; take place通常强调事情的预先安排.

occurrence  n.

o'clock adv. (of the clock的缩写)......点钟 （只用于表示正点）

October n. the 10th month of the year 十月

of  prep. 1. belonging to(表示所属关系)......的

               2.(that is )part in relation to ( a whole or all)(after expression

                 of quantity)(表示数量)......的

               3.from among (表示其中)......的

be of great little/some/any/no/not/much + 抽象名词(如: value, importance, use,

            significance等 ) = be +形容词(valuable, important, useful, useless,

            significant 等) 表示主语的特性;

be of a size/ an age/ a style/ ...= be the same size/ age/ style/... 表示 同一  .......; of one s own 某人自已的;

in spite of 尽管;

be tired of ...厌倦;

be fond of ... 喜欢;

a  row of ...一排;

a friend of mine/ my father's我的/我父亲的一位朋友

off   I. adv. 1. away 离开; 离去; 脱离; 脱落

drive off 开走;

get off 从 ......下来;

take off 起飞； 脱掉

be off 离开;  

                2. aside 向旁边

                3. (表示中断) (电, 自来水)停了

turn off 关

ant. on   

II. prep.  away from 离开(表面)

Keep off the grass勿践踏草地;

jump off跳离;

offer v. to hold out; to give 提供; 提出; 给与

           n. 提供；提出；提议；报价

     offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb. (主语) 拿给某人某物; 给与;

     offer to do sth. ( 主语)提出做某事

     offer sb. a lift home 让某人搭车回家

  office n. 1.a place where business is done 办事处；事务所；营业所

                2.a place where written work is done in connection with a business)

                  办公室；办事处；

                3. a place where a service is provided 服务处

                4.a government department (通常大写）政府的部、局、处

                5.employment and special duties 职务; 职责

                6. a position of some importance, esp. in government高级职位

be fit for ones office胜任职务;

take office 就职;

work in an office当职员;

an office girl女职员

an office boy勤杂工

office hours办公时间; 营业时间; 门诊时间

officer n.1.a person in a position of command in the armed forces军官

                   2. A person who holds a position of some importance, esp. in

                      government, a business, or a group

                     （政府，企业或团体中）高级官员；高级职员

                   3.a policeman警察

official  I. n. a person who works in government, esp. one whose job is

                          less import than that of a government officer.

                          文职官员；公务员（指其职务较government officer次要的）

                  II. adj. of or about a position of trust, power, and responsibility

                      官方的；正式的

often adv. 1.(at) many times 多次地； 时常地

                  2. In many cases在许多情况下

[用法] 1. 一般位于be动词之后, 或第一个助动词之后, 或行为动词之前

       2. 多与一般现地时连用.

[辨析] always, often, usually:  always ( = at all times)作 总是讲,  含有 毫

       无例外之意; often指桑骂槐经常性 的动作; usually 也可指 经常 的动作, 但

       侧重从已形成 习惯 的角度来说明动作.

ant. seldom

oh  interj. （expressing surprise, fear, etc.）(表示惊讶, 恐惧等)啊; 哦; 哎呀

oil  n. any of several types of fatty liquid ( from animals, plants, or under

            the ground) used for buring, for making machines run easily, also for

            cooking 油

burn the midnight oil (= stay up late at night to read or study)

        读书至深夜; 开夜车; 挑灯夜读

O.K./ okay  adj. 1. all right; satisfactorily顺利地； 令人满意地

                      2. all right; agreed; yes 好的；可以 （用于征询寻建议的意

                         见，或表示同意，或表示许可）

old  adj.1. advanced in age; of age(年纪）大的；年岁的

             2. having lived or existed for a long time or long enough to show signs

                of age.年老的；旧的； 古老的

the old/young/poor/sick 老人/年轻人/穷人/病人（the +adj. 相当于名词，作主语

        时，谓语动词用复数形式。）

the older of the two men 两个人中年纪较大的那个（the+比较级：表示两者中最高

        级，意为“两者中最/较......的那一个”）;

a boy of 5/ a five-year-old boy/ a boy five years old 一个五岁的男孩;

[辨析] older 与 elder: older表示年龄较大的, 用于比较两者之间年龄, 可与than连

       用; 还可以表示事物年代的久远; elder表示年长的, 用于比较两个人的长幼, 表

       示兄弟姐妹关系, 不与than连用

elder brother/ sister哥哥/姐姐

on  I. prep. 1. (so as to be)touching ( a surface) 在.......上

                2. during; at the time of 在......时候; 在从事......中

                3.about 关于

                4. by means of靠

                5.to; towards; in the direction of朝向;向......方向

                6. supported by,  hanging from, or fastened to  由......支持;

                   自......悬下; 绑于......上

                7.very near非常近 

                8.along ( esp. a long or flat surface)沿着

                9. on the occasion of or directly after在...场合; 一.....就

               10. because of; as a result of; through

                   因为; 由于; 依据...... ; 照.....

               11. in a state of 在...情况之下 

               12.as a member of 为......之一员

               13.working for; belonging to为......工作; 属于.

               14.by means of and /or in 以......方式

      II.adv. 1.in or into a state of being connected or in place(穿,戴,放......)上

              2. so as to be connected to the electrical supply, lit, or in use

                (电灯,水管等)接通

              3. continuously, instead of stopping进行下去; 继续下去

              4.further更向前; 更远的 

              5. forward向前

and so on等等;

on and on继续不断

on board在船上

on doing sth(= as soon as...)一.......就.......

on ones own独立地, 独自地

on ones/the way (to)在去......的路上, 即将......

on the point of...正要......的时候

on the/an open fire在篝火上

on time准时, 按时

on the top of在......上面

on average平均;  on foot步行

on holiday/vacation休假, 度假

on fire着火, 失火

on the air(用无线电, 电视)播送

on the radio通过收音机

on show展览, 陈列

on strike罢工

on guard站岗

on duty值班

talk on the telephone在电话里交谈

on business出差;

once  I. adv. / n. 1.one time; on one occasion一次; 一回

                          2. some time ago; formerly 从前; 曾经; 一度

            II. conj. from the moment that...一旦......就......(接时间状语从句,与as soon

                      as相反, 都有表示主句动作是紧接在从句的动作之后发生, 但as

                      soon as强调时间性紧接, once则带有条件意味)

all at once突然

at once立即, 马上

once again/ more再一次, 重新

once in a while偶尔, 隔些时候

once upon a time从前

once or twice数次,几次, 一两次

one  num. & adj. 1.a 一个 

                     2.a certain某一个

                     3.some哪一

                     4.the same同样的

         pron.一(个,只, .......) (pl. ones)

one after another一个接一个地

one another(= each other)互相, 彼此

one ...another...一个......另一个......;

one by one依次地, 一个一个地;

one ...the other... (用于二者之间)一个......另外......

[辨析] 1. a(n) 与 one: 二者都表示 一(个)的意思, 有时可以互换, 特别在表示时间、

          长度及重量时： in a word = in one word 概括地说， 总而言之。 但在

          多数情况下，它们仍然存在着一定的差异，主要在于：不定冠词意在说明“类

          别”， 而数词one意在强调“数目”； 在表示数目对比的场合里， 只能用

          数词one， 而不能用不定冠词；有些习语中，用不定冠词和用数词one意义

          不同.

at a time每次

at one time一度

more than a year一年多（如一年又三个月）

more than one year不止一年（如两年或三年）

one day 有一天

an hour or two = one or two hours 一、二个小时， 若干时辰

a day or two = one or two days一两天

one rainy day = on a rainy day在一个下雨天

     2. it, one, that: 三者都可用来代替前面提到过的人或物，但三者用法有别：it

       可代替前面提到过的同一事物，表示 “同一”； 既可以代替可数名词，也可以

       代替不可数名词；还可以代替上文中的某个句子或句子中的一部分；通常不加

       修饰语；复数形式为them;  one可代替前面提到过的同类人或物， 表示 “同

       类”；只能代替可数名词，其复数形式为ones; 其前一般带有修饰语； 其前加

       上定冠词则表示特指； that可代替前面提到过的同类事物，表示特指，相当于

       “the +名词”，其后一般带有修饰语（介词短语或定语从句），其复数形式为 those.

Oneself pron. (反身代词)自己， 亲自

all by oneself独自（没有别人帮助）

enjoy oneself（=have a good time）自己娱乐，玩得快活

teach oneself sth.自学

by oneself独自地

of oneself自发地，自动地；for oneself独自， 独立，自己

help oneself to sth.（= take what one want or like）随便拿或取

give oneself to 献身于......

only  adj. having no others;  in the same group; of the same quality; the best

                唯一的；仅有的; 最高分

           adv. and nothing more; and no one else只；仅仅；只是；才

if only但愿(句中动词要用虚拟语气)

not only ...(but) also...不仅......而且......(用来连接两个平衡结构, 如果连接的是两个

        主语, 句子的谓语动词要采用就近原则)

only a little(= not much)一点点

only just刚刚, 正好

only too(=very)太......了, 很, 非常

the only one of the + n.(pl.)+ 定语从句（定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式）

[注意] only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时，句子要部分倒装；修饰主语

       时，句子不倒装。和不定式连用常构成结果状语。

Onto prep. to a position or point on到......的上面

jump onto / on the horse跳到马上/跳上马

open adj. 1.not shut开的

with open eyes张开眼睛

push the door open把门推开

            2.not enclosed开放的；空旷的

be open to sb.对某人开放

open fields空旷的田野

            3.not covered露天的；无盖的

in the open air在露天，室外， 户外

on an open fire 在篝火上

            4. ready for business（商店等）开着的；营业的

vt./vi. 开， 打开， 睁开；开放；开始，开学，开幕

open fire at/on (= start shooting at)开火

open out (= speak more freely) 自由地说出

open up 打开， 开放；开创；开辟

ant. closed adj. close  v.

operate  vt./ vi. 1.to (cause to ) work; 操作；操纵；运转

                          2. to produce effects 生效

                          3. to be in action实行

                          4. to cut the body in order to set right or remove a

                             diseased part（做）手术

operate a machine操作机器

operate on sb. 给某人做手术

operation  n.1.[U] a start of working; the way a thing works; a state in

                          which effects can be produced运转; 运用; 操作; 实施

come / go into operation实施; 生效; 开始运作; 开始运转

in operation实施中的; 操作中的; 正生效的

                   2.[C] the cutting of the body in order to set right or remove

                      a diseased part手术

perform/ give an operation on sb. for...为......病而给某人做手术

need an operation需要手术

opinion  n.  that a person thinks about something 看法; 见解

have a good/ bad/ high/ low opinion of (= think well/ badly of )

                                对......印象好/坏; 对......评价高/低

in ones opinion(= in ones view) 依某人见解; 据某人看来

What's your opinion about ...?你对......的看法怎样?

opposite  adj. 1.as different as possible from相反的;

                        2. facing对面的; 相对的

be opposite to在......的对面

in the opposite direction 在/朝相反的方向

              adv. 对面; 相反

or  conj. 1.and not[用于否定句中的并列]也不 not ...or...

         2. [表示选择]还是

either...or...要么......要么; 不是......就是......;

whether...or... 是......还是......; 是不是......[用来引导主语从句, 宾语从句或让步状语从

句]

         3.大约; 或许

two or three days两三天

sooner or later迟早

or so(=about; at least; or more大约; 左右

         4.or (else) (= if not ; otherwise)否则;  要不然

syn. otherwise

orange  n. a type of very common round bitter-seet fruit from hot areas with

                  a reddish-yellow outside and divided into parts inside

                  橙子; 柑子; 橙色

           adj. the colour of an orange橙色的

order  n. 1. a command or direction or something to be done, given by a person

                   who has the right or power to command[常用复数形式]命令

obey the orders 服从命令

give orders for ...吩咐做......;

            2.a request (as to a tradesman) to supply goods 定货; 定货单

be on order已经订购

place an order for sth. with sb.向某人订购某物

            3. the special way in which a group of people, objects, etc., are

               arranged in connection with each other顺序; 次序

in order整齐; 按顺序

in order of...以......为序

in good order(= orderly  adj.) 井井有条

out of order出了故障

           4. purpose目的; 意向: in order to(+do sth) 以便; 为了

in order that(+ 从句)(=so that) 以便; 为了[从句的谓语动词之前要有情态动词might,

        can, could, may等]

           5. the condition in which laws and rules are obeyed by most of the

              people and the government or the person(s) in charge can keep

              control规则; 秩序

v. to give an order; command命令[后接that 从句, 从句谓语动词用should +动词原

   形,  should可以省略.  order 作名词后接同位语从句和表语从句也一样]

order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事

ordinary  adj. not usual; common 普通的; 平常的; 平凡的

in an ordinary way 用普通的方法

in the ordinary way按惯例

out of the ordinary(= unusual; uncommon) 不寻常的; 特殊的

ordinary-looking  adj. 长相一般的

ordinarily adv. (= in an ordinary way; usually) 正常的, 一般地; 通常

ant. special ; extraordinary

organize/ organise  vt./vi.  to form (parts ) into a whole

                                  组织,  建立;   组织起来

organization  n. the arrangement of parts so as to form an effective whole/ a

                 group of people with a special purpose, such as a club or

                 business 组织

organizer n. 组织者

other  adj. 1.the remaining (one or ones ) of a set; what is/are left as well

                   as that / those mentioned剩余的, 其余的

                2.( +than) additional ; more as well多余的;其他的;更多的

                3. not the same; not this; not oneself; not one's own, etc.

                  不同的;不是这个的;别人的;非自己的

the other day  every other day  write on every other line  pron.

另一个人(物); 其余的人(物); 其他人(物): each other相互; 彼此;  one...the other一个......另一个

some...others... 一些.......另一些......; 比较级+than any other +n.(单) /比较级+ than any

              of the other +n.(复): 比任何...都...;

the two other books = the other two books = two other books 还有两本书;

[辨析] other, the other, others, the others, another: other作前置定语, 修饰

       单数或复数名词, 表示泛指; another用于泛指三者以上的不定数目中的 另一

       个. 其名词前不要加冠词.   the other表示两者加的 另一个 或两部分中的 另

       一部分. 是特指.  others用作代词, 泛指 其他人 或 其它物.  the others指        

       整体中除去一部分后, 剩余的全部. 表特指.

otherwise  adv. if not; or else 否则, 要不然 [同]or , or else

ought  aux. v. to have the moral duty (to do something); should

                    应当; 应该(须与to 连用)

ought to do sth.应该做某事

oughtn’t (=ought not )to do sth.不应该做某事

ought to have done sth.(过去)本应该做某事(而实际上没做)(表示后悔或责备)

syn. should

our  pron.  belonging to us[we的所有格, 形容词性物主代词]我们的

ours  pron. that/those belonging to us[名词性物主代词](= our + n.) 我们的

ourselves  pron. [we的反身代词]我们自己

by ourselves 独立地

out  adv. away from the inside; in or to the open air, the outside, etc.

              在外; 向外; 离开

be worn out穿破; 累坏

go out出去; 熄灭

find a way out 找到出路

tire out使精疲力竭

put out(使)熄灭

turn out熄灭

work out算出; 解出

speak out 大声说

be sold out被卖完了

out of 在......外; 在外; 缺乏; 没有; 用完; 由于; 出于

out of work失业

out of ones reach够不着

out of breath 上气不接下气

outdoors  adv. in the open air在户外; 在野外

outdoor   adj. existing, happening, done, or used in the open air

                      户外的; 室外的

ant. indoor

outside    n.  the outer part of a solid object; the part that is furthest from

                    the centre, or that faces away towards other people or towards

                    the open air外部；外面；外表；外层

            adj. 1. facing the outside外部的

                 2. in the open air户外的

                 3. coming from or happening elsewhere外来的;确良发生于他处的

     adv. & prep.   on or to the outside (of)在外面；在......外; 向外; 在......附近        

ant. inside

over  prep. 1.directly above, higher than , but not touching在......上方

                   2. more than; to the other side of esp. going up and then down

                      again; from side to side 越过

                   3.in, on, or through many or all parts of 遍及

                   4.during; in the course of (an event or period)在......时间内;

                     蒙古自治区在....过程中

              adv. 1. directly above在上

                   2.across a distance or open space 越过, 超过

                   3. ended or finished结束; 完了

all over浑身; 全身; 全部; 整个; 在整个.......

all over the country/world 全国/全世界

over and over again 反复不断地; 再三

over there在那边(指较远处)

go over复习

show sb. over some place 领某人走遍某地(参观)

ant. under 

[辨析] 1. over,  through,  across:  over指从一个物体的一边经上方到另一边的越

          过． through 指（在空间）通过一物体或洞穴的穿过 、“通过”.  Across

          指在同一范围内从一边到另一边的横过, 指平面穿过.

       2. over  above,  on:  above 表示 “在......之上” , 指斜上方, 其反义词为

          below;  over表示 “在......正上方, 垂直于......之上”, 可以有面与面的接触,

          也可以有一定的距离. 其反义词为under.  on表示“ 在......的面上”,  强

          调有接触.

overcoat  n. [C] a long warm coat worn over other clothes by men and women

                          when going out esp. in cold weather 大衣, 外衣

owe  vt. 1. to have to pay欠债

             2. to have to give负有债务; 应向某人付出

             3.to feel grateful to sb. for....归功于; 感激

owing to(= because of) 由于; 因为......

own  adj.   belonging to oneself自己的

          vt. 1.to possess something , esp. by lawful right拥有; 持有; 所有

              2.admit 承认  pron.自己的东西

of ones own 属于某人自己的

on ones own 独立地; 独自地; 亲自地

owner   n. [C] a person who owns something esp. one who possesses something by

                 lawful right所有人; 主人

ownership   n. [U] possession, esp. by lawful right.所有制; 所有关系

ox (pl. oxen) n. [C] a male cow which has been made unable to breed, used for

                       pulling vehicles and for heavy work on farms 公牛

ant. cow  奶牛

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